DotLingo: French Lesson 04

Vocabulary

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manger	to eat
jetter	to throw
réparer	to repair
décider	to decide
déclarer	to declare
envoyer	to send
arriver	to arrive
payer	to pay
solliciter	to solicit
attendre	to wait (for)
défendre	to defend
descendre	to descend
entendre	to hear
perdre	to lose
prétendre	to claim
rendre	to give back, to return something
répondre	to answer
vendre	to sell
le métier	occupation
la profession.	profession
la biére	beer
le courrier	mail
le bâtiment	building
la signature	signature
la photographie	photograph
le gouvernement	government
gauche	left
droite	right
la montagne	mountain
le monde	world
autre	other
le mot	word
la plage	beach
le bout	tip
le soleil	sun
le téléphone	telephone
le magasin	store
le travail	job
le vin	wine
la lampe	lamp
le lit	bed
le tapis	rug
d'abord	first
célèbre	famous
généralement	generally
libre	free (of cost)
mauvais	bad
occupé	busy
parfait	perfect
pauvre	poor
riche	rich
mais	but
si	if
tiens, ...	say, ...
Qui est-ce?	Who is he/she?
plusieurs	several
ou même...	or even...

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The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. A direct object pronoun may be used to replace the direct object if the direct object is clear in the context of the conversation. For example, the third person masculine direct object pronoun is le. It would be used as follows: Je aime le livre. = I like the book. Je l'aime. = I like it. Note that the direct object pronoun must agree in number and gender with the object it replaces.
me (m')	me
te (t')	you
le (l')	him/it
la (l')	her/it
nous	us
vous	you (form. pl.)
les	them (masc. pl.)
les	them (fem. pl.)
Je le mange.	I'm eating it. (the bread)
Il la voit.	He sees her.
Je la répare.	I'm repairing it. (the car)
Je l'aime.	I like it. (the book)
Il la part.	He leaves her.
Il ne la part pas.	He doesn't leave her.
Je le donne au prof.	I give it to the professor. (the book)
Je la parle.	I speak it. (the French language)
Il la jette.	He throws it. (the ball)
Il les jette.	He throws them. (the balls)
Je t'aime.	I love you.
Tu m'aimes.	You love me.
Je la regarde.	I watch it. (the television)

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The indirect object of the sentance is the person or to whom, for whom, or the thing to which, or for which the action of the verb occurs. The indirect object pronouns can be used to replace the indirect object if the indirect object is one or more persons. For example, the third person direct object pronoun used for people is lui. It would be used as follows: Je téléphone Louis. = I phone (to) Louis. Je lui téléphone. = I phone (to) him. If the direct object is a non-person, then the third person singular pronoun y, and the third person plural pronoun en are used instead of lui and leur.
me (m')	(to/for) me
te (t')	(to/for) you
lui	(to/for) him/her
y	(to/for) it
nous	(to/for) us
vous	(to/for) you (form./pl.)
leur	(to/for) them
en	(to/for) them (non-persons)
Je lui parle.	I'm talking to him.
Il leur achète des livres.	He buys books for them.
Je vous donne le pain.	I'm giving the bread to you.
Elle me téléphone.	She phones me.
Vous lui répondez.	You respond to her.
Vous y répondez.	You respond to it. (the question)
Nous leur parlons.	We talk to them.
Nous y allons pour nos vacances.	We go there for our holidays.
Il y est.	His is there.
Il y en a	There is some.
J'en ai.	I have some.
Je ne vais pas en acheter.	I am not going to buy any.

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The second class of French verbs includes those verbe ending in -re which are not irregular. While -re verbs are less common than -er verbs, the class still includes a lot of important words. To conjugate a regular -re verb, first remove the -re ending to form the verb stem. For example, the verb stem of entendre is entend-. Now combine the verb stem with the proper ending according to the following: entendre = to listen je entends = I listen tu entends = you (fam.) listen il/elle/on entend = he/she/one listens nous entendons = we listen vous entendez = you (form./pl.) listen ills/elles entendent = he (pl.) listens, she (pl.) listens Here are some conjugations of other useful verbs ending in -re.
je vends	I sell
tu rends	you (fam.) give back
il perd	he loses
elle répond	she answers
on vend	one sells
nous entendons	we hear
vous rendez	you (form./pl.) give back
ils perdent	they (masc.) lose
elles répondent	they (fem.) lose
tu vends	you sell
il vend	he sells
elle vend	she sells
nous vendons	we sell
vous vendez	you (form./pl.) sell
ils vendent	they (masc.) sell
elles vendent	they (fem.) sell
je perds	I lose
tu perds	you lose
elle perds	she loses
on perds	one loses
nous perdons	we lose
vous perdez	you (form./pl.) lose
elles perdent	they (fem.) lose
je réponds	I answer
tu réponds	you answer
il répond	he answers
on répond	one answers
nous répondons	we answer
vous répondez	you (form./pl.) answer
ils répondent	he answers

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